西元前3100年統一
埃及人的觀念
神
神人與亡靈
人
前王朝時代
王朝時代
所謂的上下埃及
是以尼羅河Nile的上下游位置而分
上埃及在南邊
下埃及在北邊
尼羅河下游形成三角洲區域(Nile Delta)
所以下埃及比上埃及富裕
在上下埃及統一之前
上下埃及各有其統治者
上埃及白百合王冠裝飾為禿鷹荷魯斯王冠為白冠
下埃及蜜蜂王冠裝飾為眼鏡蛇王冠為紅冠
一統天下之後,王冠也以二合一的紅白冠取代
Narmer(又稱美尼斯),目前是否為同一人仍未得證
於3100 BCE統一埃及
並建立Memphis城而開起王朝時代
直到A
Jean-François Champollion法國人
是第一位破解埃及象形文字的人
神廟
冥
方尖碑(Obelisk)
方尖碑是侵略埃及者的最佳戰利品
羅馬4座
巴黎1座(埃及贈與)
倫敦1座
紐約1座
Tutankhamun was an Egyptian pharaoh of the 18th dynasty during the period of Egyptian history known as the New Kingdom. He was nine years old when he became Pharaoh, that means son of god Ra, and reigned for approximately ten years. He's the most well known pharaoh because during his reign Egypt was close to the apogee as a world power, but also because his tomb in the Valley of the Kings was discovered almost completely intact-the most complete ancient Egyptian royal tomb ever found. For many years, rumors of a "curse of the Pharaohs'" persisted, emphasizing the early death of some of those who had entered the tomb. Relics from Tutankhamun's tomb are among the most traveled artifacts in the world.
Thoth was one of the deities of the Egyptian pantheon. In art, he was often depicted as a man with the head of an ibis or a baboon, animals sacred to him. Thoth's roles in Egyptian mythology were many: he was originally a moon god; the cycles of the moon organized much of Egyptian society's rituals and events, both civil and religious. Consequently, Thoth gradually became seen as a god of wisdom, magic, and the measurement and regulation of events and of time. Later he became credited by the ancient Egyptians as the inventor of writing and was also considered to have been the scribe of the underworld. For this reason Thoth was universally worshipped by ancient Egyptian scribes. He also served as a mediating power, especially between good and evil, making sure neither had a decisive victory over the other.
神祇介紹
神廟
冥
方尖碑(Obelisk)
方尖碑是侵略埃及者的最佳戰利品
羅馬4座
巴黎1座(埃及贈與)
倫敦1座
紐約1座
Tutankhamun was an Egyptian pharaoh of the 18th dynasty during the period of Egyptian history known as the New Kingdom. He was nine years old when he became Pharaoh, that means son of god Ra, and reigned for approximately ten years. He's the most well known pharaoh because during his reign Egypt was close to the apogee as a world power, but also because his tomb in the Valley of the Kings was discovered almost completely intact-the most complete ancient Egyptian royal tomb ever found. For many years, rumors of a "curse of the Pharaohs'" persisted, emphasizing the early death of some of those who had entered the tomb. Relics from Tutankhamun's tomb are among the most traveled artifacts in the world.
Thoth was one of the deities of the Egyptian pantheon. In art, he was often depicted as a man with the head of an ibis or a baboon, animals sacred to him. Thoth's roles in Egyptian mythology were many: he was originally a moon god; the cycles of the moon organized much of Egyptian society's rituals and events, both civil and religious. Consequently, Thoth gradually became seen as a god of wisdom, magic, and the measurement and regulation of events and of time. Later he became credited by the ancient Egyptians as the inventor of writing and was also considered to have been the scribe of the underworld. For this reason Thoth was universally worshipped by ancient Egyptian scribes. He also served as a mediating power, especially between good and evil, making sure neither had a decisive victory over the other.
神祇介紹
底比斯神。在十七王朝期間,他成為埃及的最高神,被稱為Amun-Ra(或創造並創造每一天的最高「太陽神」),他是赫利奧波利斯的唯一神。他的名字Amun源自希臘語amm,意思是「被隱藏,一種自然的無形力量,微風雖然看不見,卻能感覺到」。
埃及西部沙漠之神,被稱為「Tehenu的領主」或利比亞。他的任務是在君主的統治下控制綠洲的生產,並保護穿越他的領土的商隊。
貓的快樂,女性,生育,音樂和舞蹈的女神。她在公元前1000年獲得神性。作為Ra受大蛇Apophis襲擊時的保護者,她可以像雌獅一樣行動,但隨著時間的流逝,她的性格變得柔和,並且變得更加熟悉。
土地神,是太陽神的崇拜中心赫里奧波里斯受到崇拜的九柱神之一。他維持著世界。他是Ra的孫子,是Shu(空氣)和Tefnut(水分)的兒子,也是Nut(天空)的丈夫。
尼羅河每年洪水的神。他住在像山島附近的一個洞穴中,在第一個由庫努姆守衛的瀑布下。他改變每年河水氾濫期間的水流。根據洪水的大小,它被稱為大Hapi或小Hapi。
頭為禿鷹的太陽神,代表天空,光明和善良。他是Isis和Osins的兒子。他們在奧辛聖城共同組成了阿比多斯三合會。他是在埃及擁有最多禮拜場所的神。他是塞思的兄弟,也是勝利者,同時也是法老的祖先。他是許多提神的首席神,根據崇拜地點的不同,他有不同的名字(Haroeris,Harsiese,Harpocrates)。他有四個孩子,Amset,Duamutef,Hapi和Oebehesenuf,他們都是天蓬罐的守護者。
眾神之母具有極大的魔力,是國王的象徵性母親。她是古埃及最受歡迎的女神,也是最後一位消失的神。Osins的姐妹和妻子,Geb和Nut的女兒,Horus和Set的母親。她被奉為最重要的神靈,許多寺廟建來紀念她,所有和女性有關的屬性都以她為神靈化身。她也被稱為「偉大的魔術師」,是婚姻忠誠(甚至死亡)和保護家庭的象徵。在希臘和羅馬,她和Demeter一樣。
真理、正義和道德的女神,是宇宙秩序的一部分。作為宇宙秩序的負責人,她還負責宇宙和世界所需的平衡、穩定與和諧。 這項責任同時也是國王的責任,國王必須幫助對抗邪惡勢力的威脅,這些威脅以某種方式有助於實現平衡,使世界得以生存。在新王國里,國王的義務是讓Ma'at統治地球,而女神雕像就是他對神靈最重要的貢獻。
蓮花神(在尼羅河兩岸生長的水生植物,其齒狀的鐘形花朵在埃及的大多數首都繁殖)。他的名字可以翻譯作「美麗的Atum」,並且暗示與植物有關的完美想法。在新王國主要敬拜城市孟菲斯,他是雌獅Sekhmet和Phat的兒子。
葬儀女神,是常陪伴她的Isis的妹妹,和Isis一起代表家庭之愛。她是Osiris的妹妹,Seth的妻子和妹妹。 她在Osiris神話中,幫助Osiris被暗殺的丈夫復活,為了要與其他神靈求情,她在Horus與Seth的決鬥中遭Horus利用。她被稱為「沒有陰道的女人」。她是九柱神的成員之一,也是Geb和Nut的女兒。她在最後的「朝聖之日」出生,也被稱為「君王的護士」,她的頭髮代表著木乃伊的繃帶。
Horu
古埃及的服飾所用布料
以棉麻為主
麻多用在夏天
衣服多以白色為主
用來襯托顏色鮮豔的首飾
關於古埃及妝髮造型
埃及地處炎熱
所以埃及上下不分男女
都是光頭
為了美觀才戴頭飾假髮
帽子則是皇族的標示
法老更不會讓人看到自己的頭髮
會戴王冠或飾頭巾遮住
喜歡畫長眼線
延伸至太陽穴
眼影多以綠色黑色為主
埃及時間年表
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